Audit fixes: security, dead code removal, API consolidation, JS dedup

Security:
- Fix IDOR in delete/update comment (add ticket visibility check)
- XSS defense-in-depth in DashboardView active filters
- Replace innerHTML with DOM construction in toast.js
- Remove redundant real_escape_string in check_duplicates
- Add rate limiting to get_template, download_attachment, audit_log,
  saved_filters, user_preferences endpoints

Bug fixes:
- Session timeout now reads from config instead of hardcoded 18000
- TicketController uses $GLOBALS['config'] instead of duplicate .env parsing
- Add DISCORD_WEBHOOK_URL to centralized config
- Cleanup script uses hashmap for O(1) ticket ID lookups

Dead code removal (~100 lines):
- Remove dead getTicketComments() from TicketModel (wrong bind_param type)
- Remove dead getCategories()/getTypes() from DashboardController
- Remove ~80 lines dead Discord webhook code from update_ticket API

Consolidation:
- Create api/bootstrap.php for shared API setup (auth, CSRF, rate limit)
- Convert 6 API endpoints to use bootstrap
- Extract escapeHtml/getTicketIdFromUrl into shared utils.js
- Batch save for user preferences (1 request instead of 7)

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>

controllers/DashboardController.php

@@ -187,12 +187,5 @@ class DashboardController {
         return ['categories' => $categories, 'types' => $types];
     }
 
-    private function getCategories(): array {
-        return $this->getCategoriesAndTypes()['categories'];
-    }
-
-    private function getTypes(): array {
-        return $this->getCategoriesAndTypes()['types'];
-    }
 }
 ?>