docs: threads + July batch across catalog/README/TODO/BUGS

- LOTUS_FEATURES: new Threads section (+TOC) — panel, summary chips, thread
  composer isolation, under-the-hood notes; entries for KaTeX math, opt-in
  encrypted-search cache, hardened session storage, Crypto Diagnostics.
- README: threads bullet (with the replies-move-to-panel release note), math,
  search-cache bullets.
- LOTUS_TODO: P3-8 → [~] implemented + 6-step live-QA checklist; P4-1 marked
  unblocked.
- LOTUS_BUGS: Needs Verification rows for P3-8 / P4-4 / P4-8 / session sync.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>

LOTUS_BUGS.md

@@ -32,6 +32,10 @@ Implemented and gate-green; confirm each per `LOTUS_TESTING.md`, then delete the
 | N105 | Notification clicks work after tab close (SW `notificationclick` + `showNotification`) | `sw.ts`, `utils/dom.ts`, `ClientNonUIFeatures.tsx`   | get a msg notif, close the tab, click it → app focuses/opens + routes to the room |
 | Gal  | MediaGallery lazy-decrypt (true virtualization deferred)                               | `room/MediaGallery.tsx`                              | H1                                                                                |
 | a11y | aria-labels: edit-history / reaction / thread / reply                                  | `message/*` (`FallbackContent`, `Reaction`, `Reply`) | I                                                                                 |
+| P3-8 | Thread Panel (side drawer, chips, threaded receipts, thread composer)                 | `features/room/thread/*`, `RoomTimeline/RoomInput`  | 6-step checklist in LOTUS_TODO §P3-8                                              |
+| P4-4 | KaTeX math (`$…$`, `$$…$$`, data-mx-maths; lazy chunk)                                | `utils/mathParse.ts`, `components/math/`             | send `$x^2$`, `$$\int f$$`, `$5 and $10` (stays text), math inside code block (stays text) |
+| P4-8 | Encrypted-search cache (opt-in toggle, clear button, logout wipe)                      | `utils/searchCache.ts`, message-search               | enable in search panel → search → reload → coverage persists; logout wipes        |
+| N97a | Session blob migration + cross-tab logout sync                                        | `state/sessions.ts`, `useSessionSync`                | login on old build → new build migrates; logout in tab A → tab B drops to auth    |
 
 **Verified working in live testing (2026-06):** A2, B1–B4, C1, C3, D (mic/camera/deafen/screenshare/fullscreen/more-menu/PiP). Denoise quality in D is still poor — tracked under the denoise project, not a regression.
 

LOTUS_FEATURES.md

@@ -18,15 +18,16 @@ Last updated: June 2026.
 9. [Per-Message Read Receipts](#per-message-read-receipts)
 10. [Delivery Status Indicators](#delivery-status-indicators)
 11. [Messaging Enhancements](#messaging-enhancements)
-12. [Presence](#presence)
-13. [UX & Composer](#ux--composer)
-14. [Room Customization](#room-customization)
-15. [Moderation](#moderation)
-16. [Notifications](#notifications)
-17. [Server Integration](#server-integration)
-18. [Infrastructure](#infrastructure)
-19. [Desktop App Features](#desktop-app-features)
-20. [Key Custom Files](#key-custom-files)
+12. [Threads (P3-8)](#threads-p3-8)
+13. [Presence](#presence)
+14. [UX & Composer](#ux--composer)
+15. [Room Customization](#room-customization)
+16. [Moderation](#moderation)
+17. [Notifications](#notifications)
+18. [Server Integration](#server-integration)
+19. [Infrastructure](#infrastructure)
+20. [Desktop App Features](#desktop-app-features)
+21. [Key Custom Files](#key-custom-files)
 
 ---
 
@@ -690,6 +691,24 @@ Context menu → **Forward** allows forwarding a message to any room the user is
 - The search panel accepts `from_ts` and `to_ts` values (epoch milliseconds) passed to the search API
 - A chip shows the active date range with an **×** button to clear it
 
+### Encrypted Search Cache (P4-8, opt-in)
+
+Persistent local index for encrypted-room search, so coverage survives page reloads instead of requiring re-pagination + re-decryption every session.
+
+- Raw IndexedDB (`lotus-search-cache`): message rows keyed `[roomId, eventId]` + per-room coverage markers; merged into local search results with in-memory-wins dedupe
+- **Opt-in, default OFF** (it stores decrypted text at rest): toggle + "Clear cached index" live in the search panel's Encrypted Rooms section, with the privacy note "Stores decrypted text on this device"
+- Always wiped on logout; any IndexedDB error degrades to a cache-miss (never breaks search)
+- Files: `src/app/utils/searchCache.ts`, `src/app/state/searchCacheEnabled.ts`, `features/message-search/useLocalMessageSearch.ts`
+
+### Math / LaTeX Rendering (P4-4)
+
+KaTeX-rendered math in messages, two paths:
+
+- **Spec path (CS-API §11.5):** `<span/div data-mx-maths="…">` in `formatted_body` renders the attribute's LaTeX (block for div, inline for span); on render failure the element's child fallback content shows instead
+- **Plain-text path:** `$…$` (inline) and `$$…$$` (block) with conservative rules — escape-aware (`\$`), currency-guarded (`$5 and $10` stays text), never inside `code`/`pre`
+- KaTeX + its CSS load lazily on first math encountered — zero cost to the main bundle
+- Files: `src/app/utils/mathParse.ts` (+14 tests), `components/math/KaTeX.tsx`, `plugins/react-custom-html-parser.tsx`
+
 ### Image / Video Captions
 
 Images and videos can be sent with a caption. The caption and media are sent as a single event.
@@ -765,6 +784,31 @@ Generic (non-domain-specific) cards display a Google S2 favicon. Empty or unpars
 
 ---
 
+## Threads (P3-8)
+
+Full threaded-conversation support (`m.thread`, matrix-js-sdk `threadSupport`), Element-consistent.
+
+### Thread Panel
+
+A right-side drawer (mirrors the members drawer; fullscreen on mobile) with the thread's root message emphasized at top, an "N replies" divider, the full reply timeline (virtualized, back-paginates via `/relations`, decrypts E2EE threads), reactions/edits/redactions, and its own composer. Open it from **Reply in Thread** in the message menu, a reply's thread indicator, or a summary chip; close with **×** or Escape. Reading the panel sends threaded read receipts so per-thread unread counts clear.
+
+### Summary Chips
+
+Root messages in the main timeline show a **"N replies · time"** chip (server-aggregated `m.thread` bundle, or the live Thread once loaded) with an unread badge — threaded replies no longer render inline in the main timeline, so the chip is how conversations stay discoverable.
+
+### Thread Composer
+
+The panel embeds the full composer (uploads, emoji, stickers, GIFs, voice, location, polls) with drafts, reply state, and upload queues **isolated per thread** (`roomId::threadRootId` keys). Replies-to-replies produce spec-correct `m.thread` + `m.in_reply_to` (`is_falling_back: false`). Scheduling and slash commands are disabled inside threads (v1).
+
+### Under the Hood
+
+- `threadSupport: true` (startClient) partitions thread events into SDK `Thread` timelines; markAsRead sends **unthreaded** receipts so room badges keep clearing
+- Pending sends render via a `LocalEchoUpdated` strip (chronological local echo never enters thread timelineSets)
+- Deep links to thread events redirect into the panel
+- Files: `features/room/thread/*`, `state/room/thread.ts`, `hooks/useThreadSummary.ts` (+35 tests across the stack)
+
+---
+
 ## Presence
 
 ### Discord-Style Presence Selector
@@ -1160,6 +1204,14 @@ The `useAuthentication` parameter was previously mispositioned, causing unauthen
 
 The `encUrlPreview` setting defaults to `true` rather than `false`. A security advisory chip in **Settings → Privacy** explains the tradeoff (the homeserver can see which URLs are being previewed) so users can make an informed choice.
 
+### Hardened Session Storage (N97 partial, 2026-07)
+
+The session persists as ONE atomic `cinny_session_v1` JSON write (previously ~10 separate localStorage keys written non-atomically). Reads prefer the blob with transparent migration from the legacy keys (dual-written one release for rollback). Cross-tab sync: logging out or in from one tab reloads the others so no tab runs with stale credentials. `state/sessions.ts` (22 tests), `hooks/useSessionSync.ts`.
+
+### Crypto Diagnostics (E2EE investigation kit)
+
+**Settings → Developer Tools → Crypto Diagnostics**: a capture-only ring buffer (max 200) hooks `console.warn/error` for E2EE failure signatures (OTK upload conflicts, missing call media keys, decryption errors, delayed-event timeouts) and downloads a JSON report — the evidence input for the KE-1→4 investigation. Companion runbook: [`LOTUS_E2EE_INVESTIGATION.md`](./LOTUS_E2EE_INVESTIGATION.md). `utils/cryptoDiagLog.ts`, `features/settings/developer/CryptoDiagnostics.tsx`.
+
 ---
 
 ## Desktop App Features

LOTUS_TODO.md

@@ -162,9 +162,17 @@ Status: `[ ]` pending · `[~]` in progress · `[x]` completed
 
 ---
 
-### [ ] P3-8 · Thread Panel (full side drawer)
+### [~] P3-8 · Thread Panel (full side drawer) — IMPLEMENTED (2026-07), ⚠️ AWAITING LIVE QA
 
-**⚠️ LARGEST FEATURE — 🟢 DESIGN COMPLETE (2026-07), READY FOR ITS OWN EXECUTION SESSION.** The full architecture (SDK-evidence-backed decisions, file inventory, 4-agent partition, risks, verification checklist) is in the Implementation Reference section below — no further planning needed, just a dedicated build session.  
+Built per the design below (4-agent build + 2-agent review). Gates green (tsc/eslint/build/tests). **Release note: threaded replies no longer render inline in the main timeline — roots show a "N replies" chip that opens the panel.**
+
+**Manual QA checklist (post-deploy):**
+1. Reply in Thread (message menu) → panel opens; send text/upload/emoji into it (appears pending → confirmed)
+2. Reply to a reply inside the panel → event carries `m.thread` + `m.in_reply_to` with `is_falling_back:false`
+3. Main timeline: root + chip only (replies absent); chip count/time updates live; unread badge appears for others' thread replies and clears after viewing the panel
+4. Room badge clears via normal markAsRead even with unread threads (unthreaded receipt)
+5. Reload: partitioning persists; encrypted-room threads decrypt (back-pagination too)
+6. Escape / × closes; mobile = fullscreen panel; switching rooms and back restores the open thread  
 **What:** A right-side drawer for threaded conversations. Currently "Reply in Thread" exists but there is no panel to read or write thread replies.
 
 Features:
@@ -208,7 +216,7 @@ Features:
 
 ### [ ] P4-1 · Thread Notification Mode Per-Thread (MSC3771)
 
-**Spec:** MSC3771 (stable). Depends on Thread Panel (#P3-8).  
+**Spec:** MSC3771 (stable). Depends on Thread Panel (#P3-8) — **NOW UNBLOCKED (P3-8 implemented 2026-07)**.  
 **What:** Per-thread notification toggle: "All messages" vs "Mentions only". Accessible from the thread panel header. Tracks unread counts separately per thread.  
 **[AUDIT REQUIRED]** — Implement after Thread Panel. Requires understanding how the SDK tracks per-thread unread counts.  
 **Complexity:** Medium (after thread panel exists).

README.md

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ The Lotus Chat logo (`public/res/Lotus.png`) is a derivative work based on the o
 
 ### Messaging
 
+- Threads: reply in a thread and read/write the whole conversation in a side panel — root messages show a "N replies" chip with an unread badge (threaded replies live in the panel now, not inline in the room)
 - See who has read each message, and track delivery status (sending / sent / failed)
 - Bookmark any message and revisit saved messages from the sidebar
 - Schedule messages to send at a specific time
@@ -33,6 +34,8 @@ The Lotus Chat logo (`public/res/Lotus.png`) is a derivative work based on the o
 - Search for and send GIFs from a built-in GIF picker
 - Control voice message playback speed: 0.75× / 1× / 1.5× / 2×
 - Search messages with a date range filter
+- Optional persistent search index for encrypted rooms (off by default — stores decrypted text on your device; clearable, wiped on logout)
+- Write math with LaTeX: `$inline$` and `$$block$$` render via KaTeX (spec `data-mx-maths` supported)
 - Room topics support rich formatting (bold, links, italics)
 - Deleted messages show a placeholder instead of disappearing
 - Code blocks highlight syntax for JS/TS, Python, and Rust

src/app/components/message/Reply.tsx

@@ -61,6 +61,7 @@ type ReplyProps = {
   replyEventId: string;
   threadRootId?: string | undefined;
   onClick?: MouseEventHandler | undefined;
+  onThreadClick?: ((threadRootId: string) => void) | undefined;
   getMemberPowerTag?: GetMemberPowerTag;
   accessibleTagColors?: Map<string, string>;
   legacyUsernameColor?: boolean;
@@ -74,6 +75,7 @@ export const Reply = as<'div', ReplyProps>(
       replyEventId,
       threadRootId,
       onClick,
+      onThreadClick,
       getMemberPowerTag,
       accessibleTagColors,
       legacyUsernameColor,
@@ -110,7 +112,7 @@ export const Reply = as<'div', ReplyProps>(
           <ThreadIndicator
             as="button"
             data-event-id={threadRootId}
-            onClick={onClick}
+            onClick={onThreadClick ? () => onThreadClick(threadRootId) : onClick}
             aria-label="View thread"
           />
         )}

src/app/features/room/Room.tsx

@@ -22,6 +22,8 @@ import { callChatAtom } from '../../state/callEmbed';
 import { CallChatView } from './CallChatView';
 import { useCallEmbed } from '../../hooks/useCallEmbed';
 import { useCallMembers, useCallSession } from '../../hooks/useCall';
+import { roomIdToActiveThreadIdAtomFamily } from '../../state/room/thread';
+import { ThreadPanel } from './thread';
 
 export function Room() {
   const { eventId } = useParams();
@@ -33,6 +35,8 @@ export function Room() {
   const callEmbed = useCallEmbed();
 
   const [isDrawer] = useSetting(settingsAtom, 'isPeopleDrawer');
+  const activeThreadId = useAtomValue(roomIdToActiveThreadIdAtomFamily(room.roomId));
+  const setActiveThreadId = useSetAtom(roomIdToActiveThreadIdAtomFamily(room.roomId));
   const galleryOpen = useAtomValue(mediaGalleryAtom);
   const setGalleryOpen = useSetAtom(mediaGalleryAtom);
   const [hideActivity] = useSetting(settingsAtom, 'hideActivity');
@@ -90,6 +94,19 @@ export function Room() {
             <MediaGallery key={room.roomId} room={room} onClose={() => setGalleryOpen(false)} />
           </>
         )}
+        {!callView && activeThreadId && (
+          <>
+            {screenSize === ScreenSize.Desktop && (
+              <Line variant="Background" direction="Vertical" size="300" />
+            )}
+            <ThreadPanel
+              key={`${room.roomId}${activeThreadId}`}
+              room={room}
+              threadId={activeThreadId}
+              requestClose={() => setActiveThreadId(null)}
+            />
+          </>
+        )}
         {!callView && isDrawer && (
           <>
             {screenSize === ScreenSize.Desktop && (

src/app/features/room/RoomInput.tsx

@@ -136,6 +136,7 @@ import { ScheduleMessageModal } from './ScheduleMessageModal';
 import { ScheduledMessagesTray } from './ScheduledMessagesTray';
 import { DraftIndicator } from './DraftIndicator';
 import { scheduledMessagesAtom } from '../../state/scheduledMessages';
+import { getThreadDraftKey } from '../../state/room/thread';
 
 const GifPicker = React.lazy(() =>
   import('../../components/GifPicker').then((m) => ({ default: m.GifPicker })),
@@ -149,9 +150,10 @@ interface RoomInputProps {
   fileDropContainerRef: RefObject<HTMLElement>;
   roomId: string;
   room: Room;
+  threadRootId?: string;
 }
 export const RoomInput = forwardRef<HTMLDivElement, RoomInputProps>(
-  ({ editor, fileDropContainerRef, roomId, room }, ref) => {
+  ({ editor, fileDropContainerRef, roomId, room, threadRootId }, ref) => {
     const mx = useMatrixClient();
     const useAuthentication = useMediaAuthentication();
     const [enterForNewline] = useSetting(settingsAtom, 'enterForNewline');
@@ -184,8 +186,11 @@ export const RoomInput = forwardRef<HTMLDivElement, RoomInputProps>(
     const setScheduledMessages = useSetAtom(scheduledMessagesAtom);
 
     const alive = useAlive();
-    const [msgDraft, setMsgDraft] = useAtom(roomIdToMsgDraftAtomFamily(roomId));
-    const [replyDraft, setReplyDraft] = useAtom(roomIdToReplyDraftAtomFamily(roomId));
+    // Scope drafts/replies/uploads by thread so a thread composer stays fully
+    // isolated from the main room composer (and from other threads).
+    const draftKey = threadRootId ? getThreadDraftKey(roomId, threadRootId) : roomId;
+    const [msgDraft, setMsgDraft] = useAtom(roomIdToMsgDraftAtomFamily(draftKey));
+    const [replyDraft, setReplyDraft] = useAtom(roomIdToReplyDraftAtomFamily(draftKey));
     const replyUserID = replyDraft?.userId;
 
     const powerLevelTags = usePowerLevelTags(room, powerLevels);
@@ -206,7 +211,7 @@ export const RoomInput = forwardRef<HTMLDivElement, RoomInputProps>(
       legacyUsernameColor || direct ? colorMXID(replyUserID ?? '') : replyPowerColor;
 
     const [uploadBoard, setUploadBoard] = useState(true);
-    const [selectedFiles, setSelectedFiles] = useAtom(roomIdToUploadItemsAtomFamily(roomId));
+    const [selectedFiles, setSelectedFiles] = useAtom(roomIdToUploadItemsAtomFamily(draftKey));
     const uploadFamilyObserverAtom = createUploadFamilyObserverAtom(
       roomUploadAtomFamily,
       selectedFiles.map((f) => f.file),
@@ -225,7 +230,8 @@ export const RoomInput = forwardRef<HTMLDivElement, RoomInputProps>(
     const showLocation = composerToolbarButtons?.showLocation ?? true;
     const showPoll = composerToolbarButtons?.showPoll ?? true;
     const showVoice = composerToolbarButtons?.showVoice ?? true;
-    const showSchedule = composerToolbarButtons?.showSchedule ?? true;
+    // Schedule-send is hidden in thread mode (v1 reduction).
+    const showSchedule = (composerToolbarButtons?.showSchedule ?? true) && !threadRootId;
     const composerButtonOrder = useMemo(
       () => normalizeComposerToolbarOrder(composerToolbarButtons?.order),
       [composerToolbarButtons?.order],
@@ -244,7 +250,7 @@ export const RoomInput = forwardRef<HTMLDivElement, RoomInputProps>(
           setLocating(false);
           const { latitude, longitude } = pos.coords;
           const geoUri = `geo:${latitude.toFixed(6)},${longitude.toFixed(6)}`;
-          mx.sendMessage(roomId, {
+          mx.sendMessage(roomId, threadRootId ?? null, {
             msgtype: 'm.location',
             body: `Location: ${geoUri}`,
             geo_uri: geoUri,
@@ -263,7 +269,7 @@ export const RoomInput = forwardRef<HTMLDivElement, RoomInputProps>(
         },
         { timeout: 10000 },
       );
-    }, [mx, roomId]);
+    }, [mx, roomId, threadRootId]);
 
     const handleVoiceSend = useCallback(
       async (blob: Blob, mimeType: string, durationMs: number, waveform: number[]) => {
@@ -279,7 +285,7 @@ export const RoomInput = forwardRef<HTMLDivElement, RoomInputProps>(
         if (room.hasEncryptionStateEvent()) {
           const { encInfo, file: encBlob } = await encryptFile(blob);
           const uploadResult = await mx.uploadContent(encBlob);
-          mx.sendMessage(roomId, {
+          mx.sendMessage(roomId, threadRootId ?? null, {
             ...baseContent,
             file: { ...encInfo, url: uploadResult.content_uri },
           } as any);
@@ -288,13 +294,13 @@ export const RoomInput = forwardRef<HTMLDivElement, RoomInputProps>(
             name: 'voice-message.ogg',
             type: mimeType,
           });
-          mx.sendMessage(roomId, {
+          mx.sendMessage(roomId, threadRootId ?? null, {
             ...baseContent,
             url: uploadResult.content_uri,
           } as any);
         }
       },
-      [mx, room, roomId],
+      [mx, room, roomId, threadRootId],
     );
 
     const [autocompleteQuery, setAutocompleteQuery] =
@@ -364,7 +370,7 @@ export const RoomInput = forwardRef<HTMLDivElement, RoomInputProps>(
       } else {
         // Jotai draft is empty (page reload) — try localStorage fallback
         try {
-          const stored = localStorage.getItem(`draft-msg-${roomId}`);
+          const stored = localStorage.getItem(`draft-msg-${draftKey}`);
           if (stored) {
             const nodes = JSON.parse(stored);
             if (Array.isArray(nodes) && nodes.length > 0) {
@@ -379,22 +385,22 @@ export const RoomInput = forwardRef<HTMLDivElement, RoomInputProps>(
           // Ignore malformed stored draft
         }
       }
-    }, [editor, msgDraft, roomId, setMsgDraft]);
+    }, [editor, msgDraft, draftKey, setMsgDraft]);
 
     useEffect(
       () => () => {
         if (!isEmptyEditor(editor)) {
           const parsedDraft = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(editor.children));
           setMsgDraft(parsedDraft);
-          localStorage.setItem(`draft-msg-${roomId}`, JSON.stringify(parsedDraft));
+          localStorage.setItem(`draft-msg-${draftKey}`, JSON.stringify(parsedDraft));
         } else {
           setMsgDraft([]);
-          localStorage.removeItem(`draft-msg-${roomId}`);
+          localStorage.removeItem(`draft-msg-${draftKey}`);
         }
         resetEditor(editor);
         resetEditorHistory(editor);
       },
-      [roomId, editor, setMsgDraft],
+      [draftKey, editor, setMsgDraft],
     );
 
     const handleFileMetadata = useCallback(
@@ -487,15 +493,17 @@ export const RoomInput = forwardRef<HTMLDivElement, RoomInputProps>(
         });
         handleCancelUpload(uploads);
         const contents = fulfilledPromiseSettledResult(await Promise.allSettled(contentsPromises));
-        contents.forEach((content) => mx.sendMessage(roomId, content as any));
+        contents.forEach((content) => mx.sendMessage(roomId, threadRootId ?? null, content as any));
       },
-      [mx, roomId, selectedFiles, handleCancelUpload],
+      [mx, roomId, threadRootId, selectedFiles, handleCancelUpload],
     );
 
     const submit = useCallback(() => {
       uploadBoardHandlers.current?.handleSend();
 
-      const commandName = getBeginCommand(editor);
+      // Slash-command interpretation is disabled in thread mode (v1): "/foo"
+      // sends literally rather than being parsed as a command.
+      const commandName = threadRootId ? undefined : getBeginCommand(editor);
       let plainText = toPlainText(editor.children, isMarkdown).trim();
       let customHtml = trimCustomHtml(
         toMatrixCustomHTML(editor.children, {
@@ -568,13 +576,24 @@ export const RoomInput = forwardRef<HTMLDivElement, RoomInputProps>(
           content['m.relates_to'].is_falling_back = false;
         }
       }
-      mx.sendMessage(roomId, content as any);
+      mx.sendMessage(roomId, threadRootId ?? null, content as any);
       resetEditor(editor);
       resetEditorHistory(editor);
-      localStorage.removeItem(`draft-msg-${roomId}`);
+      localStorage.removeItem(`draft-msg-${draftKey}`);
       setReplyDraft(undefined);
       sendTypingStatus(false);
-    }, [mx, roomId, editor, replyDraft, sendTypingStatus, setReplyDraft, isMarkdown, commands]);
+    }, [
+      mx,
+      roomId,
+      threadRootId,
+      draftKey,
+      editor,
+      replyDraft,
+      sendTypingStatus,
+      setReplyDraft,
+      isMarkdown,
+      commands,
+    ]);
 
     /**
      * Build a text message content object from the current editor state.
@@ -643,11 +662,11 @@ export const RoomInput = forwardRef<HTMLDivElement, RoomInputProps>(
         });
         resetEditor(editor);
         resetEditorHistory(editor);
-        localStorage.removeItem(`draft-msg-${roomId}`);
+        localStorage.removeItem(`draft-msg-${draftKey}`);
         setReplyDraft(undefined);
         sendTypingStatus(false);
       },
-      [setScheduledMessages, roomId, editor, setReplyDraft, sendTypingStatus],
+      [setScheduledMessages, roomId, draftKey, editor, setReplyDraft, sendTypingStatus],
     );
 
     const handleKeyDown: KeyboardEventHandler = useCallback(
@@ -742,7 +761,7 @@ export const RoomInput = forwardRef<HTMLDivElement, RoomInputProps>(
           );
           const mxcUrl = (uploadRes as { content_uri: string }).content_uri;
           if (!mxcUrl) return;
-          mx.sendMessage(roomId, {
+          mx.sendMessage(roomId, threadRootId ?? null, {
             msgtype: MsgType.Image,
             body: 'image.gif',
             url: mxcUrl,
@@ -757,7 +776,7 @@ export const RoomInput = forwardRef<HTMLDivElement, RoomInputProps>(
           if (alive()) setGifUploading(false);
         }
       },
-      [mx, roomId, alive],
+      [mx, roomId, threadRootId, alive],
     );
 
     const handleStickerSelect = useCallback(
@@ -770,13 +789,13 @@ export const RoomInput = forwardRef<HTMLDivElement, RoomInputProps>(
           await getImageUrlBlob(stickerUrl),
         );
 
-        mx.sendEvent(roomId, EventType.Sticker, {
+        mx.sendEvent(roomId, threadRootId ?? null, EventType.Sticker, {
           body: label,
           url: mxc,
           info,
         });
       },
-      [mx, roomId, useAuthentication],
+      [mx, roomId, threadRootId, useAuthentication],
     );
 
     if (room.getType() === 'm.server_notice') {
@@ -1258,7 +1277,7 @@ export const RoomInput = forwardRef<HTMLDivElement, RoomInputProps>(
                     {locationError}
                   </Text>
                 )}
-                <DraftIndicator roomId={roomId} />
+                <DraftIndicator roomId={draftKey} />
                 {charCount > 0 && (
                   <Text
                     size="T200"

src/app/features/room/RoomTimeline.tsx

@@ -18,9 +18,11 @@ import {
   IContent,
   MatrixClient,
   MatrixEvent,
+  RelationType,
   Room,
   RoomEvent,
   RoomEventHandlerMap,
+  ThreadEvent,
 } from 'matrix-js-sdk';
 import { HTMLReactParserOptions } from 'html-react-parser';
 import classNames from 'classnames';
@@ -103,6 +105,8 @@ import * as css from './RoomTimeline.css';
 import { inSameDay, minuteDifference, timeDayMonthYear, today, yesterday } from '../../utils/time';
 import { createMentionElement, isEmptyEditor, moveCursor } from '../../components/editor';
 import { roomIdToReplyDraftAtomFamily } from '../../state/room/roomInputDrafts';
+import { roomIdToActiveThreadIdAtomFamily } from '../../state/room/thread';
+import { ThreadSummary } from './thread/ThreadSummary';
 import { usePowerLevelsContext } from '../../hooks/usePowerLevels';
 import { GetContentCallback, MessageEvent, StateEvent } from '../../../types/matrix/room';
 import { useKeyDown } from '../../hooks/useKeyDown';
@@ -245,13 +249,26 @@ const useEventTimelineLoader = (
   room: Room,
   onLoad: (eventId: string, linkedTimelines: EventTimeline[], evtAbsIndex: number) => void,
   onError: (err: Error | null) => void,
+  onThreadRedirect: (threadRootId: string) => void,
 ) => {
   const loadEventTimeline = useCallback(
     async (eventId: string) => {
       const [err, replyEvtTimeline] = await to(
         mx.getEventTimeline(room.getUnfilteredTimelineSet(), eventId),
       );
+      // Thread events aren't locatable in the main timeline set (getEventTimeline
+      // returns undefined / no abs index). Best-effort: redirect to the thread panel
+      // when the fetched event belongs to a thread instead of surfacing an error.
+      const redirectToThread = () => {
+        const threadRootId = room.findEventById(eventId)?.threadRootId;
+        if (threadRootId) {
+          onThreadRedirect(threadRootId);
+          return true;
+        }
+        return false;
+      };
       if (!replyEvtTimeline) {
+        if (redirectToThread()) return;
         onError(err ?? null);
         return;
       }
@@ -259,13 +276,14 @@ const useEventTimelineLoader = (
       const absIndex = getEventIdAbsoluteIndex(linkedTimelines, replyEvtTimeline, eventId);
 
       if (absIndex === undefined) {
+        if (redirectToThread()) return;
         onError(err ?? null);
         return;
       }
 
       onLoad(eventId, linkedTimelines, absIndex);
     },
-    [mx, room, onLoad, onError],
+    [mx, room, onLoad, onError, onThreadRedirect],
   );
 
   return loadEventTimeline;
@@ -460,6 +478,20 @@ export function RoomTimeline({ room, eventId, roomInputRef, editor }: RoomTimeli
   const ignoredUsersSet = useMemo(() => new Set(ignoredUsersList), [ignoredUsersList]);
 
   const setReplyDraft = useSetAtom(roomIdToReplyDraftAtomFamily(room.roomId));
+  const setActiveThreadId = useSetAtom(roomIdToActiveThreadIdAtomFamily(room.roomId));
+  // Thread summary chips only mount for events that already carry thread data
+  // (perf: a chip subscribes room-level listeners, so mounting one per rendered
+  // message would exceed the SDK's emitter cap). This single room-level
+  // ThreadEvent.New subscription re-renders the timeline once when a brand-new
+  // thread appears, so the root's chip shows up without unrelated activity.
+  const [, setThreadNewTick] = useState(0);
+  useEffect(() => {
+    const handleThreadNew = () => setThreadNewTick((c) => c + 1);
+    room.on(ThreadEvent.New, handleThreadNew);
+    return () => {
+      room.removeListener(ThreadEvent.New, handleThreadNew);
+    };
+  }, [room]);
   const powerLevels = usePowerLevelsContext();
   const creators = useRoomCreators(room);
 
@@ -622,6 +654,13 @@ export function RoomTimeline({ room, eventId, roomInputRef, editor }: RoomTimeli
       scrollToBottomRef.current.count += 1;
       scrollToBottomRef.current.smooth = false;
     }, [alive, room]),
+    useCallback(
+      (threadRootId: string) => {
+        if (!alive()) return;
+        setActiveThreadId(threadRootId);
+      },
+      [alive, setActiveThreadId],
+    ),
   );
 
   useLiveEventArrive(
@@ -982,14 +1021,17 @@ export function RoomTimeline({ room, eventId, roomInputRef, editor }: RoomTimeli
         console.warn('Button should have "data-event-id" attribute!');
         return;
       }
+      if (startThread) {
+        // Open the thread panel instead of arming an m.thread reply in the main composer.
+        setActiveThreadId(replyId);
+        return;
+      }
       const replyEvt = room.findEventById(replyId);
       if (!replyEvt) return;
       const editedReply = getEditedEvent(replyId, replyEvt, room.getUnfilteredTimelineSet());
       const content: IContent = editedReply?.getContent()['m.new_content'] ?? replyEvt.getContent();
       const { body, formatted_body: formattedBody } = content;
-      const { 'm.relates_to': relation } = startThread
-        ? { 'm.relates_to': { rel_type: 'm.thread', event_id: replyId } }
-        : replyEvt.getWireContent();
+      const { 'm.relates_to': relation } = replyEvt.getWireContent();
       const senderId = replyEvt.getSender();
       if (senderId && typeof body === 'string') {
         setReplyDraft({
@@ -1002,7 +1044,7 @@ export function RoomTimeline({ room, eventId, roomInputRef, editor }: RoomTimeli
         setTimeout(() => ReactEditor.focus(editor), 100);
       }
     },
-    [room, setReplyDraft, editor],
+    [room, setReplyDraft, setActiveThreadId, editor],
   );
 
   const handleReactionToggle = useCallback(
@@ -1090,6 +1132,7 @@ export function RoomTimeline({ room, eventId, roomInputRef, editor }: RoomTimeli
                   replyEventId={replyEventId}
                   threadRootId={threadRootId}
                   onClick={handleOpenReply}
+                  onThreadClick={setActiveThreadId}
                   getMemberPowerTag={getMemberPowerTag}
                   accessibleTagColors={accessiblePowerTagColors}
                   legacyUsernameColor={legacyUsernameColor || direct}
@@ -1097,16 +1140,23 @@ export function RoomTimeline({ room, eventId, roomInputRef, editor }: RoomTimeli
               )
             }
             reactions={
-              reactionRelations && (
-                <Reactions
-                  style={{ marginTop: config.space.S200 }}
-                  room={room}
-                  relations={reactionRelations}
-                  mEventId={mEventId}
-                  canSendReaction={canSendReaction}
-                  onReactionToggle={handleReactionToggle}
-                />
-              )
+              <>
+                {reactionRelations && (
+                  <Reactions
+                    style={{ marginTop: config.space.S200 }}
+                    room={room}
+                    relations={reactionRelations}
+                    mEventId={mEventId}
+                    canSendReaction={canSendReaction}
+                    onReactionToggle={handleReactionToggle}
+                  />
+                )}
+                {(!threadRootId || threadRootId === mEventId) &&
+                  (mEvent.getThread() !== undefined ||
+                    mEvent.getServerAggregatedRelation(RelationType.Thread) !== undefined) && (
+                    <ThreadSummary rootEvent={mEvent} room={room} onOpen={setActiveThreadId} />
+                  )}
+              </>
             }
             hideReadReceipts={hideActivity}
             showDeveloperTools={showDeveloperTools}
@@ -1175,6 +1225,7 @@ export function RoomTimeline({ room, eventId, roomInputRef, editor }: RoomTimeli
                   replyEventId={replyEventId}
                   threadRootId={threadRootId}
                   onClick={handleOpenReply}
+                  onThreadClick={setActiveThreadId}
                   getMemberPowerTag={getMemberPowerTag}
                   accessibleTagColors={accessiblePowerTagColors}
                   legacyUsernameColor={legacyUsernameColor || direct}
@@ -1182,16 +1233,23 @@ export function RoomTimeline({ room, eventId, roomInputRef, editor }: RoomTimeli
               )
             }
             reactions={
-              reactionRelations && (
-                <Reactions
-                  style={{ marginTop: config.space.S200 }}
-                  room={room}
-                  relations={reactionRelations}
-                  mEventId={mEventId}
-                  canSendReaction={canSendReaction}
-                  onReactionToggle={handleReactionToggle}
-                />
-              )
+              <>
+                {reactionRelations && (
+                  <Reactions
+                    style={{ marginTop: config.space.S200 }}
+                    room={room}
+                    relations={reactionRelations}
+                    mEventId={mEventId}
+                    canSendReaction={canSendReaction}
+                    onReactionToggle={handleReactionToggle}
+                  />
+                )}
+                {(!threadRootId || threadRootId === mEventId) &&
+                  (mEvent.getThread() !== undefined ||
+                    mEvent.getServerAggregatedRelation(RelationType.Thread) !== undefined) && (
+                    <ThreadSummary rootEvent={mEvent} room={room} onOpen={setActiveThreadId} />
+                  )}
+              </>
             }
             hideReadReceipts={hideActivity}
             showDeveloperTools={showDeveloperTools}

src/app/features/room/thread/ThreadPanel.css.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+import { style } from '@vanilla-extract/css';
+import { config, toRem } from 'folds';
+
+export const ThreadPanel = style({
+  width: toRem(360),
+  '@media': {
+    '(max-width: 750px)': {
+      position: 'fixed',
+      inset: 0,
+      width: '100%',
+      zIndex: 500,
+    },
+  },
+});
+
+export const ThreadPanelHeader = style({
+  flexShrink: 0,
+  padding: `0 ${config.space.S200} 0 ${config.space.S300}`,
+  borderBottomWidth: config.borderWidth.B300,
+});
+
+export const ThreadPanelContent = style({
+  position: 'relative',
+  overflow: 'hidden',
+});
+
+export const ThreadPanelInput = style({
+  padding: config.space.S200,
+  borderTopWidth: config.borderWidth.B300,
+});

src/app/features/room/thread/ThreadPanel.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,164 @@
+import React, { useCallback, useEffect, useRef } from 'react';
+import {
+  Box,
+  Header,
+  Icon,
+  IconButton,
+  Icons,
+  Spinner,
+  Text,
+  Tooltip,
+  TooltipProvider,
+} from 'folds';
+import { Room, RoomEvent, ThreadEvent } from 'matrix-js-sdk';
+import { isKeyHotkey } from 'is-hotkey';
+import classNames from 'classnames';
+import * as css from './ThreadPanel.css';
+import { ContainerColor } from '../../../styles/ContainerColor.css';
+import { ThreadTimeline } from './ThreadTimeline';
+import { markThreadAsRead, useThreadInstance } from './useThread';
+import { useMatrixClient } from '../../../hooks/useMatrixClient';
+import { useEditor } from '../../../components/editor';
+import { useKeyDown } from '../../../hooks/useKeyDown';
+import { useSetting } from '../../../state/hooks/settings';
+import { settingsAtom } from '../../../state/settings';
+import { RoomInput } from '../RoomInput';
+
+type ThreadPanelHeaderProps = {
+  room: Room;
+  requestClose: () => void;
+};
+function ThreadPanelHeader({ room, requestClose }: ThreadPanelHeaderProps) {
+  return (
+    <Header className={css.ThreadPanelHeader} variant="Background" size="600">
+      <Box grow="Yes" alignItems="Center" gap="200">
+        <Box grow="Yes" direction="Column">
+          <Text size="H5" truncate>
+            Thread
+          </Text>
+          <Text size="T200" truncate style={{ opacity: 0.65 }}>
+            {room.name}
+          </Text>
+        </Box>
+        <Box shrink="No" alignItems="Center">
+          <TooltipProvider
+            position="Bottom"
+            align="End"
+            offset={4}
+            tooltip={
+              <Tooltip>
+                <Text>Close</Text>
+              </Tooltip>
+            }
+          >
+            {(triggerRef) => (
+              <IconButton
+                ref={triggerRef}
+                variant="Background"
+                aria-label="Close thread"
+                onClick={requestClose}
+              >
+                <Icon src={Icons.Cross} />
+              </IconButton>
+            )}
+          </TooltipProvider>
+        </Box>
+      </Box>
+    </Header>
+  );
+}
+
+export type ThreadPanelProps = {
+  room: Room;
+  threadId: string;
+  requestClose: () => void;
+};
+export function ThreadPanel({ room, threadId, requestClose }: ThreadPanelProps) {
+  const mx = useMatrixClient();
+  const editor = useEditor();
+  const thread = useThreadInstance(room, threadId);
+  const [privateReadReceipts] = useSetting(settingsAtom, 'privateReadReceipts');
+  const fileDropContainerRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null) as React.RefObject<HTMLDivElement>;
+
+  useKeyDown(
+    window,
+    useCallback(
+      (evt) => {
+        if (isKeyHotkey('escape', evt)) {
+          evt.preventDefault();
+          evt.stopPropagation();
+          requestClose();
+        }
+      },
+      [requestClose],
+    ),
+  );
+
+  // Mark the thread read when the panel is open and on each new thread event.
+  // Deduped on the latest event id: RoomEvent.Timeline re-emits per event during
+  // backfill and for every edit/reaction, and sendReadReceipt POSTs
+  // unconditionally — without the guard, opening a thread with N replies would
+  // fire up to N receipt requests at the same event.
+  const lastReadEventIdRef = useRef<string | undefined>(undefined);
+  useEffect(() => {
+    lastReadEventIdRef.current = undefined;
+    if (!thread) return undefined;
+    const markRead = () => {
+      const events = thread.liveTimeline.getEvents();
+      let latestId: string | undefined;
+      for (let i = events.length - 1; i >= 0; i -= 1) {
+        const evt = events[i];
+        if (evt && !evt.isSending()) {
+          latestId = evt.getId() ?? undefined;
+          break;
+        }
+      }
+      if (!latestId || latestId === lastReadEventIdRef.current) return;
+      lastReadEventIdRef.current = latestId;
+      markThreadAsRead(mx, thread, privateReadReceipts).catch(() => {
+        // Allow a retry on the next event if the receipt POST failed.
+        if (lastReadEventIdRef.current === latestId) {
+          lastReadEventIdRef.current = undefined;
+        }
+      });
+    };
+    markRead();
+    thread.on(ThreadEvent.NewReply, markRead);
+    thread.on(RoomEvent.Timeline, markRead);
+    return () => {
+      thread.off(ThreadEvent.NewReply, markRead);
+      thread.off(RoomEvent.Timeline, markRead);
+    };
+  }, [mx, thread, privateReadReceipts]);
+
+  return (
+    <Box
+      className={classNames(css.ThreadPanel, ContainerColor({ variant: 'Background' }))}
+      shrink="No"
+      direction="Column"
+    >
+      <ThreadPanelHeader room={room} requestClose={requestClose} />
+      {!thread ? (
+        <Box grow="Yes" alignItems="Center" justifyContent="Center" gap="200">
+          <Spinner size="400" variant="Secondary" />
+          <Text size="T300">Loading thread…</Text>
+        </Box>
+      ) : (
+        <>
+          <Box grow="Yes" className={css.ThreadPanelContent} direction="Column">
+            <ThreadTimeline room={room} thread={thread} editor={editor} />
+          </Box>
+          <Box className={css.ThreadPanelInput} shrink="No" direction="Column">
+            <RoomInput
+              room={room}
+              roomId={room.roomId}
+              threadRootId={threadId}
+              editor={editor}
+              fileDropContainerRef={fileDropContainerRef}
+            />
+          </Box>
+        </>
+      )}
+    </Box>
+  );
+}

src/app/features/room/thread/ThreadSummary.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+import React from 'react';
+import { Badge, Box, Chip, Icon, Icons, Text, config } from 'folds';
+import { MatrixEvent, Room } from 'matrix-js-sdk';
+import { useThreadSummary } from '../../../hooks/useThreadSummary';
+import { useSetting } from '../../../state/hooks/settings';
+import { settingsAtom } from '../../../state/settings';
+import { timeDayMonthYear, timeHourMinute, today } from '../../../utils/time';
+
+type ThreadSummaryProps = {
+  rootEvent: MatrixEvent;
+  room: Room;
+  onOpen: (threadId: string) => void;
+};
+export function ThreadSummary({ rootEvent, room, onOpen }: ThreadSummaryProps) {
+  const { summary, unread } = useThreadSummary(rootEvent, room);
+  const [hour24Clock] = useSetting(settingsAtom, 'hour24Clock');
+
+  if (!summary || summary.count === 0) return null;
+
+  const { count, latestTs } = summary;
+  const latestStr =
+    latestTs !== undefined
+      ? today(latestTs)
+        ? timeHourMinute(latestTs, hour24Clock)
+        : timeDayMonthYear(latestTs)
+      : undefined;
+
+  return (
+    <Box style={{ marginTop: config.space.S200 }}>
+      <Chip
+        variant="SurfaceVariant"
+        radii="300"
+        before={<Icon size="50" src={Icons.Thread} />}
+        after={
+          unread > 0 ? <Badge variant="Success" fill="Solid" radii="Pill" size="200" /> : undefined
+        }
+        onClick={() => {
+          const threadId = rootEvent.getId();
+          if (threadId) onOpen(threadId);
+        }}
+      >
+        <Text size="T200">
+          {count === 1 ? '1 reply' : `${count} replies`}
+          {latestStr ? ` · ${latestStr}` : ''}
+        </Text>
+      </Chip>
+    </Box>
+  );
+}

src/app/features/room/thread/ThreadTimeline.css.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+import { style } from '@vanilla-extract/css';
+import { color, config } from 'folds';
+
+export const ThreadTimeline = style({
+  height: '100%',
+  position: 'relative',
+});
+
+export const ThreadTimelineContent = style({
+  minHeight: '100%',
+  padding: `${config.space.S400} 0`,
+});
+
+export const ThreadCentered = style({
+  height: '100%',
+  padding: config.space.S700,
+});
+
+export const RootMessage = style({
+  backgroundColor: color.SurfaceVariant.Container,
+  borderRadius: config.radii.R400,
+  marginBottom: config.space.S100,
+});
+
+export const RepliesDivider = style({
+  padding: `${config.space.S200} ${config.space.S400}`,
+});
+
+export const NoReplies = style({
+  padding: config.space.S400,
+});
+
+export const PendingMessage = style({
+  opacity: 0.6,
+});
+
+export const PendingFailed = style({
+  opacity: 1,
+});

src/app/features/room/thread/ThreadTimeline.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,961 @@
+import React, {
+  Dispatch,
+  MouseEventHandler,
+  ReactNode,
+  SetStateAction,
+  useCallback,
+  useEffect,
+  useLayoutEffect,
+  useMemo,
+  useRef,
+  useState,
+} from 'react';
+import {
+  Direction,
+  EventStatus,
+  EventTimeline,
+  EventTimelineSet,
+  EventTimelineSetHandlerMap,
+  MatrixClient,
+  MatrixEvent,
+  RelationType,
+  Room,
+  RoomEvent,
+  Thread,
+  ThreadEvent,
+} from 'matrix-js-sdk';
+import { HTMLReactParserOptions } from 'html-react-parser';
+import { Editor } from 'slate';
+import { ReactEditor } from 'slate-react';
+import to from 'await-to-js';
+import { useAtomValue, useSetAtom } from 'jotai';
+import { Badge, Box, Line, Scroll, Spinner, Text, color, config } from 'folds';
+import classNames from 'classnames';
+import { Opts as LinkifyOpts } from 'linkifyjs';
+import { eventWithShortcode, factoryEventSentBy, getMxIdLocalPart } from '../../../utils/matrix';
+import { useMatrixClient } from '../../../hooks/useMatrixClient';
+import { useVirtualPaginator, ItemRange } from '../../../hooks/useVirtualPaginator';
+import { useAlive } from '../../../hooks/useAlive';
+import { scrollToBottom } from '../../../utils/dom';
+import {
+  DefaultPlaceholder,
+  MessageBase,
+  Reply,
+  RedactedContent,
+  MSticker,
+  MessageUnsupportedContent,
+  MessageNotDecryptedContent,
+  ImageContent,
+} from '../../../components/message';
+import {
+  factoryRenderLinkifyWithMention,
+  getReactCustomHtmlParser,
+  LINKIFY_OPTS,
+  makeMentionCustomProps,
+  renderMatrixMention,
+} from '../../../plugins/react-custom-html-parser';
+import {
+  decryptAllTimelineEvent,
+  getEditedEvent,
+  getEventReactions,
+  getMemberDisplayName,
+  getReactionContent,
+  reactionOrEditEvent,
+} from '../../../utils/room';
+import { useSetting } from '../../../state/hooks/settings';
+import { MessageLayout, settingsAtom } from '../../../state/settings';
+import { Message, Reactions, EncryptedContent } from '../message';
+import { RenderMessageContent } from '../../../components/RenderMessageContent';
+import { Image } from '../../../components/media';
+import { ImageViewer } from '../../../components/image-viewer';
+import * as css from './ThreadTimeline.css';
+import {
+  inSameDay,
+  minuteDifference,
+  timeDayMonthYear,
+  today,
+  yesterday,
+} from '../../../utils/time';
+import { createMentionElement, moveCursor } from '../../../components/editor';
+import { roomIdToReplyDraftAtomFamily } from '../../../state/room/roomInputDrafts';
+import { usePowerLevelsContext } from '../../../hooks/usePowerLevels';
+import { GetContentCallback, MessageEvent, StateEvent } from '../../../../types/matrix/room';
+import {
+  getIntersectionObserverEntry,
+  useIntersectionObserver,
+} from '../../../hooks/useIntersectionObserver';
+import { useMentionClickHandler } from '../../../hooks/useMentionClickHandler';
+import { useSpoilerClickHandler } from '../../../hooks/useSpoilerClickHandler';
+import { useMediaAuthentication } from '../../../hooks/useMediaAuthentication';
+import { useIgnoredUsers } from '../../../hooks/useIgnoredUsers';
+import { useImagePackRooms } from '../../../hooks/useImagePackRooms';
+import { useIsDirectRoom } from '../../../hooks/useRoom';
+import { useOpenUserRoomProfile } from '../../../state/hooks/userRoomProfile';
+import { useSpaceOptionally } from '../../../hooks/useSpace';
+import { useRoomCreators } from '../../../hooks/useRoomCreators';
+import { useRoomPermissions } from '../../../hooks/useRoomPermissions';
+import {
+  useAccessiblePowerTagColors,
+  useGetMemberPowerTag,
+} from '../../../hooks/useMemberPowerTag';
+import { useTheme } from '../../../hooks/useTheme';
+import { useRoomCreatorsTag } from '../../../hooks/useRoomCreatorsTag';
+import { usePowerLevelTags } from '../../../hooks/usePowerLevelTags';
+import { roomToParentsAtom } from '../../../state/room/roomToParents';
+import { EditHistoryModal } from '../message/EditHistoryModal';
+import {
+  getLinkedTimelines,
+  getTimelineAndBaseIndex,
+  getTimelineEvent,
+  getTimelineRelativeIndex,
+  getTimelinesEventsCount,
+  timelineToEventsCount,
+} from '../RoomTimeline';
+import { getThreadDraftKey } from '../../../state/room/thread';
+import { useThreadLinkedTimelines, useThreadPendingEvents } from './useThread';
+
+// Virtual window size (how many items render around the viewport).
+const PAGINATION_LIMIT = 50;
+// Network page size for backward /relations pagination of the thread timeline.
+const THREAD_PAGE_LIMIT = 30;
+
+type Timeline = {
+  linkedTimelines: EventTimeline[];
+  range: ItemRange;
+};
+
+const getEmptyTimeline = (): Timeline => ({
+  linkedTimelines: [],
+  range: { start: 0, end: 0 },
+});
+
+const getInitialThreadTimeline = (thread: Thread, timelines?: EventTimeline[]): Timeline => {
+  const linkedTimelines =
+    timelines && timelines.length > 0 ? timelines : getLinkedTimelines(thread.liveTimeline);
+  const evLength = getTimelinesEventsCount(linkedTimelines);
+  return {
+    linkedTimelines,
+    range: {
+      start: Math.max(evLength - PAGINATION_LIMIT, 0),
+      end: evLength,
+    },
+  };
+};
+
+/**
+ * Copy of RoomTimeline's `useTimelinePagination` pattern (not exported from RoomTimeline
+ * as its ~35 hooks are hardwired to the room live timeline). Works transparently against
+ * the thread timeline's /relations pagination.
+ */
+const useThreadTimelinePagination = (
+  mx: MatrixClient,
+  timeline: Timeline,
+  setTimeline: Dispatch<SetStateAction<Timeline>>,
+  limit: number,
+) => {
+  const timelineRef = useRef(timeline);
+  timelineRef.current = timeline;
+  const alive = useAlive();
+
+  const handleTimelinePagination = useMemo(() => {
+    let fetching = false;
+
+    const recalibratePagination = (
+      linkedTimelines: EventTimeline[],
+      timelinesEventsCount: number[],
+      backwards: boolean,
+    ) => {
+      const topTimeline = linkedTimelines[0];
+      const timelineMatch = (mt: EventTimeline) => (t: EventTimeline) => t === mt;
+
+      const newLTimelines = getLinkedTimelines(topTimeline);
+      const topTmIndex = newLTimelines.findIndex(timelineMatch(topTimeline));
+      const topAddedTm = topTmIndex === -1 ? [] : newLTimelines.slice(0, topTmIndex);
+
+      const topTmAddedEvt =
+        timelineToEventsCount(newLTimelines[topTmIndex]) - timelinesEventsCount[0];
+      const offsetRange = getTimelinesEventsCount(topAddedTm) + (backwards ? topTmAddedEvt : 0);
+
+      setTimeline((currentTimeline) => ({
+        linkedTimelines: newLTimelines,
+        range:
+          offsetRange > 0
+            ? {
+                start: currentTimeline.range.start + offsetRange,
+                end: currentTimeline.range.end + offsetRange,
+              }
+            : { ...currentTimeline.range },
+      }));
+    };
+
+    return async (backwards: boolean) => {
+      if (fetching) return;
+      const { linkedTimelines: lTimelines } = timelineRef.current;
+      const timelinesEventsCount = lTimelines.map(timelineToEventsCount);
+
+      const timelineToPaginate = backwards ? lTimelines[0] : lTimelines[lTimelines.length - 1];
+      if (!timelineToPaginate) return;
+
+      const paginationToken = timelineToPaginate.getPaginationToken(
+        backwards ? Direction.Backward : Direction.Forward,
+      );
+      if (
+        !paginationToken &&
+        getTimelinesEventsCount(lTimelines) !==
+          getTimelinesEventsCount(getLinkedTimelines(timelineToPaginate))
+      ) {
+        recalibratePagination(lTimelines, timelinesEventsCount, backwards);
+        return;
+      }
+
+      fetching = true;
+      const [err] = await to(
+        mx.paginateEventTimeline(timelineToPaginate, {
+          backwards,
+          limit,
+        }),
+      );
+      if (err) {
+        fetching = false;
+        return;
+      }
+      const fetchedTimeline =
+        timelineToPaginate.getNeighbouringTimeline(
+          backwards ? Direction.Backward : Direction.Forward,
+        ) ?? timelineToPaginate;
+      // Decrypt all event ahead of render cycle
+      const roomId = fetchedTimeline.getRoomId();
+      const room = roomId ? mx.getRoom(roomId) : null;
+
+      if (room?.hasEncryptionStateEvent()) {
+        await to(decryptAllTimelineEvent(mx, fetchedTimeline));
+      }
+
+      fetching = false;
+      if (alive()) {
+        recalibratePagination(lTimelines, timelinesEventsCount, backwards);
+      }
+    };
+  }, [mx, alive, setTimeline, limit]);
+  return handleTimelinePagination;
+};
+
+export type ThreadTimelineProps = {
+  room: Room;
+  thread: Thread;
+  editor: Editor;
+};
+
+export function ThreadTimeline({ room, thread, editor }: ThreadTimelineProps) {
+  const mx = useMatrixClient();
+  const alive = useAlive();
+  const useAuthentication = useMediaAuthentication();
+
+  const [messageLayout] = useSetting(settingsAtom, 'messageLayout');
+  const [messageSpacing] = useSetting(settingsAtom, 'messageSpacing');
+  const [perMessageProfiles] = useSetting(settingsAtom, 'perMessageProfiles');
+  const [legacyUsernameColor] = useSetting(settingsAtom, 'legacyUsernameColor');
+  const [hideActivity] = useSetting(settingsAtom, 'hideActivity');
+  const [showDeveloperTools] = useSetting(settingsAtom, 'developerTools');
+  const [lotusTerminal] = useSetting(settingsAtom, 'lotusTerminal');
+  const [mediaAutoLoad] = useSetting(settingsAtom, 'mediaAutoLoad');
+  const [urlPreview] = useSetting(settingsAtom, 'urlPreview');
+  const [encUrlPreview] = useSetting(settingsAtom, 'encUrlPreview');
+  const showUrlPreview = room.hasEncryptionStateEvent() ? encUrlPreview : urlPreview;
+  const [hour24Clock] = useSetting(settingsAtom, 'hour24Clock');
+  const [dateFormatString] = useSetting(settingsAtom, 'dateFormatString');
+
+  const direct = useIsDirectRoom();
+  const ignoredUsersList = useIgnoredUsers();
+  const ignoredUsersSet = useMemo(() => new Set(ignoredUsersList), [ignoredUsersList]);
+
+  const setReplyDraft = useSetAtom(
+    roomIdToReplyDraftAtomFamily(getThreadDraftKey(room.roomId, thread.id)),
+  );
+
+  const powerLevels = usePowerLevelsContext();
+  const creators = useRoomCreators(room);
+  const creatorsTag = useRoomCreatorsTag();
+  const powerLevelTags = usePowerLevelTags(room, powerLevels);
+  const getMemberPowerTag = useGetMemberPowerTag(room, creators, powerLevels);
+
+  const theme = useTheme();
+  const accessiblePowerTagColors = useAccessiblePowerTagColors(
+    theme.kind,
+    creatorsTag,
+    powerLevelTags,
+  );
+
+  const permissions = useRoomPermissions(creators, powerLevels);
+  const canRedact = permissions.action('redact', mx.getSafeUserId());
+  const canDeleteOwn = permissions.event(MessageEvent.RoomRedaction, mx.getSafeUserId());
+  const canSendReaction = permissions.event(MessageEvent.Reaction, mx.getSafeUserId());
+  const canPinEvent = permissions.stateEvent(StateEvent.RoomPinnedEvents, mx.getSafeUserId());
+
+  const mentionClickHandler = useMentionClickHandler(room.roomId);
+  const spoilerClickHandler = useSpoilerClickHandler();
+  const openUserRoomProfile = useOpenUserRoomProfile();
+  const space = useSpaceOptionally();
+  const roomToParents = useAtomValue(roomToParentsAtom);
+  const imagePackRooms: Room[] = useImagePackRooms(room.roomId, roomToParents);
+
+  const [editId, setEditId] = useState<string>();
+  const [editHistoryEvent, setEditHistoryEvent] = useState<MatrixEvent | undefined>();
+
+  const linkifyOpts = useMemo<LinkifyOpts>(
+    () => ({
+      ...LINKIFY_OPTS,
+      render: factoryRenderLinkifyWithMention((href) =>
+        renderMatrixMention(mx, room.roomId, href, makeMentionCustomProps(mentionClickHandler)),
+      ),
+    }),
+    [mx, room, mentionClickHandler],
+  );
+  const htmlReactParserOptions = useMemo<HTMLReactParserOptions>(
+    () =>
+      getReactCustomHtmlParser(mx, room.roomId, {
+        linkifyOpts,
+        useAuthentication,
+        handleSpoilerClick: spoilerClickHandler,
+        handleMentionClick: mentionClickHandler,
+      }),
+    [mx, room, linkifyOpts, spoilerClickHandler, mentionClickHandler, useAuthentication],
+  );
+
+  const { timelines, ready } = useThreadLinkedTimelines(mx, thread);
+  const pendingEvents = useThreadPendingEvents(room, thread.id, thread);
+
+  const [timeline, setTimeline] = useState<Timeline>(() =>
+    ready ? getInitialThreadTimeline(thread, timelines) : getEmptyTimeline(),
+  );
+  const eventsLength = getTimelinesEventsCount(timeline.linkedTimelines);
+
+  const canPaginateBack =
+    typeof timeline.linkedTimelines[0]?.getPaginationToken(Direction.Backward) === 'string';
+  const rangeAtStart = timeline.range.start === 0;
+
+  const scrollRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null);
+  const atBottomAnchorRef = useRef<HTMLElement>(null);
+  const [atBottom, setAtBottom] = useState(true);
+  const atBottomRef = useRef(atBottom);
+  atBottomRef.current = atBottom;
+  const scrollToBottomRef = useRef({ count: 0, smooth: true });
+
+  const handleTimelinePagination = useThreadTimelinePagination(
+    mx,
+    timeline,
+    setTimeline,
+    THREAD_PAGE_LIMIT,
+  );
+
+  const getScrollElement = useCallback(() => scrollRef.current, []);
+
+  const { getItems, scrollToItem, observeBackAnchor } = useVirtualPaginator({
+    count: eventsLength,
+    limit: PAGINATION_LIMIT,
+    range: timeline.range,
+    onRangeChange: useCallback((r) => setTimeline((cs) => ({ ...cs, range: r })), []),
+    getScrollElement,
+    getItemElement: useCallback(
+      (index: number) =>
+        (scrollRef.current?.querySelector(`[data-message-item="${index}"]`) as HTMLElement) ??
+        undefined,
+      [],
+    ),
+    onEnd: handleTimelinePagination,
+  });
+
+  // Seed local timeline once the thread has fetched its initial events.
+  const seededRef = useRef(false);
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (!ready || seededRef.current) return;
+    seededRef.current = true;
+    setTimeline(getInitialThreadTimeline(thread, timelines));
+    scrollToBottomRef.current.count += 1;
+    scrollToBottomRef.current.smooth = false;
+    if (room.hasEncryptionStateEvent()) {
+      to(decryptAllTimelineEvent(mx, thread.liveTimeline)).then(() => {
+        if (alive()) setTimeline((ct) => ({ ...ct }));
+      });
+    }
+    // eslint-disable-next-line react-hooks/exhaustive-deps -- seed once when ready flips
+  }, [ready, thread]);
+
+  // Re-render / stick-to-bottom on live thread activity.
+  useEffect(() => {
+    const handleTimeline: EventTimelineSetHandlerMap[RoomEvent.Timeline] = (
+      mEvent,
+      eventRoom,
+      toStartOfTimeline,
+      removed,
+      data,
+    ) => {
+      if (!data?.liveEvent) return;
+      if (atBottomRef.current) {
+        scrollToBottomRef.current.count += 1;
+        scrollToBottomRef.current.smooth = true;
+        setTimeline((ct) => ({
+          ...ct,
+          range: {
+            start: ct.range.start + 1,
+            end: ct.range.end + 1,
+          },
+        }));
+        return;
+      }
+      setTimeline((ct) => ({ ...ct }));
+    };
+    const handleUpdate = () => setTimeline((ct) => ({ ...ct }));
+    // A gappy sync / updateThreadMetadata resets the thread's live timeline —
+    // the stored linkedTimelines would then point at a detached timeline, so
+    // reseed the window from the fresh liveTimeline.
+    const handleReset = () => {
+      setTimeline(getInitialThreadTimeline(thread, getLinkedTimelines(thread.liveTimeline)));
+      scrollToBottomRef.current.count += 1;
+      scrollToBottomRef.current.smooth = false;
+    };
+
+    thread.on(RoomEvent.Timeline, handleTimeline);
+    thread.on(ThreadEvent.Update, handleUpdate);
+    thread.on(RoomEvent.TimelineReset, handleReset);
+    return () => {
+      thread.removeListener(RoomEvent.Timeline, handleTimeline);
+      thread.removeListener(ThreadEvent.Update, handleUpdate);
+      thread.removeListener(RoomEvent.TimelineReset, handleReset);
+    };
+  }, [thread]);
+
+  // atBottom detection
+  useIntersectionObserver(
+    useCallback((entries) => {
+      const target = atBottomAnchorRef.current;
+      if (!target) return;
+      const entry = getIntersectionObserverEntry(target, entries);
+      if (entry) setAtBottom(entry.isIntersecting);
+    }, []),
+    useCallback(
+      () => ({
+        root: getScrollElement(),
+        rootMargin: '100px',
+      }),
+      [getScrollElement],
+    ),
+    useCallback(() => atBottomAnchorRef.current, []),
+  );
+
+  // Initial scroll to bottom on mount.
+  useLayoutEffect(() => {
+    const scrollEl = scrollRef.current;
+    if (scrollEl) scrollToBottom(scrollEl);
+  }, []);
+
+  // Scroll to bottom when requested.
+  const scrollToBottomCount = scrollToBottomRef.current.count;
+  useLayoutEffect(() => {
+    if (scrollToBottomCount > 0) {
+      const scrollEl = scrollRef.current;
+      if (scrollEl)
+        scrollToBottom(scrollEl, scrollToBottomRef.current.smooth ? 'smooth' : 'instant');
+    }
+  }, [scrollToBottomCount]);
+
+  // Scroll in-place editor into view.
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (editId) {
+      const editMsgElement =
+        (scrollRef.current?.querySelector(`[data-message-id="${editId}"]`) as HTMLElement) ??
+        undefined;
+      editMsgElement?.scrollIntoView({ block: 'center', behavior: 'smooth' });
+    }
+  }, [editId]);
+
+  const handleUserClick: MouseEventHandler<HTMLButtonElement> = useCallback(
+    (evt) => {
+      evt.preventDefault();
+      evt.stopPropagation();
+      const userId = evt.currentTarget.getAttribute('data-user-id');
+      if (!userId) return;
+      openUserRoomProfile(
+        room.roomId,
+        space?.roomId,
+        userId,
+        evt.currentTarget.getBoundingClientRect(),
+      );
+    },
+    [room, space, openUserRoomProfile],
+  );
+
+  const handleUsernameClick: MouseEventHandler<HTMLButtonElement> = useCallback(
+    (evt) => {
+      evt.preventDefault();
+      const userId = evt.currentTarget.getAttribute('data-user-id');
+      if (!userId) return;
+      const name = getMemberDisplayName(room, userId) ?? getMxIdLocalPart(userId) ?? userId;
+      editor.insertNode(
+        createMentionElement(
+          userId,
+          name.startsWith('@') ? name : `@${name}`,
+          userId === mx.getUserId(),
+        ),
+      );
+      ReactEditor.focus(editor);
+      moveCursor(editor);
+    },
+    [mx, room, editor],
+  );
+
+  const handleReplyClick: MouseEventHandler<HTMLButtonElement> = useCallback(
+    (evt) => {
+      const replyId = evt.currentTarget.getAttribute('data-event-id');
+      if (!replyId) return;
+      const replyEvt = thread.findEventById(replyId) ?? room.findEventById(replyId);
+      if (!replyEvt) return;
+      const editedReply = getEditedEvent(replyId, replyEvt, thread.getUnfilteredTimelineSet());
+      const content = editedReply?.getContent()['m.new_content'] ?? replyEvt.getContent();
+      const { body, formatted_body: formattedBody } = content;
+      const senderId = replyEvt.getSender();
+      if (senderId && typeof body === 'string') {
+        setReplyDraft({
+          userId: senderId,
+          eventId: replyId,
+          body,
+          formattedBody,
+          relation: { rel_type: RelationType.Thread, event_id: thread.id },
+        });
+        setTimeout(() => ReactEditor.focus(editor), 100);
+      }
+    },
+    [room, thread, setReplyDraft, editor],
+  );
+
+  const handleReactionToggle = useCallback(
+    (targetEventId: string, key: string, shortcode?: string) => {
+      const timelineSet = thread.getUnfilteredTimelineSet();
+      const relations = getEventReactions(timelineSet, targetEventId);
+      const allReactions = relations?.getSortedAnnotationsByKey() ?? [];
+      const [, reactionsSet] = allReactions.find(([k]) => k === key) ?? [];
+      const reactions = reactionsSet ? Array.from(reactionsSet) : [];
+      const myReaction = reactions.find(factoryEventSentBy(mx.getUserId()!));
+
+      if (myReaction && !!myReaction.isRelation()) {
+        mx.redactEvent(room.roomId, myReaction.getId()!);
+        return;
+      }
+      const rShortcode =
+        shortcode ||
+        (reactions.find(eventWithShortcode)?.getContent().shortcode as string | undefined);
+      mx.sendEvent(
+        room.roomId,
+        thread.id,
+        // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
+        MessageEvent.Reaction as any,
+        getReactionContent(targetEventId, key, rShortcode),
+      );
+    },
+    [mx, room, thread],
+  );
+
+  const handleEdit = useCallback(
+    (editEvtId?: string) => {
+      if (editEvtId) {
+        setEditId(editEvtId);
+        return;
+      }
+      setEditId(undefined);
+      ReactEditor.focus(editor);
+    },
+    [editor],
+  );
+
+  const handleOpenReply: MouseEventHandler = useCallback(
+    (evt) => {
+      const targetId = evt.currentTarget.getAttribute('data-event-id');
+      if (!targetId) return;
+      // best-effort: scroll to referenced event if it is inside the loaded thread window
+      let absIndex = -1;
+      let acc = 0;
+      timeline.linkedTimelines.some((tl) => {
+        const idx = tl.getEvents().findIndex((e) => e.getId() === targetId);
+        if (idx !== -1) {
+          absIndex = acc + idx;
+          return true;
+        }
+        acc += tl.getEvents().length;
+        return false;
+      });
+      if (absIndex >= 0) {
+        scrollToItem(absIndex, {
+          behavior: 'smooth',
+          align: 'center',
+          stopInView: true,
+        });
+      }
+    },
+    [timeline.linkedTimelines, scrollToItem],
+  );
+
+  const renderMessageContent = useCallback(
+    (mEvent: MatrixEvent, mEventId: string, timelineSet: EventTimelineSet): ReactNode => {
+      // Evaluated lazily so EncryptedContent can re-run it (re-reading getType())
+      // after MatrixEventEvent.Decrypted fires — decryption re-emits NEITHER
+      // RoomEvent.Timeline nor ThreadEvent.Update, so without this wrapper a
+      // live-arriving encrypted reply would show "Unable to decrypt" forever.
+      const renderByType = (): ReactNode => {
+        if (mEvent.isRedacted()) {
+          return <RedactedContent reason={mEvent.getUnsigned().redacted_because?.content.reason} />;
+        }
+        const type = mEvent.getType();
+        if (type === MessageEvent.Sticker) {
+          return (
+            <MSticker
+              content={mEvent.getContent()}
+              renderImageContent={(props) => (
+                <ImageContent
+                  {...props}
+                  autoPlay={mediaAutoLoad}
+                  renderImage={(p) => <Image {...p} loading="lazy" />}
+                  renderViewer={(p) => <ImageViewer {...p} />}
+                />
+              )}
+            />
+          );
+        }
+        if (type === MessageEvent.RoomMessageEncrypted) {
+          return (
+            <Text>
+              <MessageNotDecryptedContent />
+            </Text>
+          );
+        }
+        if (type !== MessageEvent.RoomMessage) {
+          return (
+            <Text>
+              <MessageUnsupportedContent />
+            </Text>
+          );
+        }
+        const editedEvent = getEditedEvent(mEventId, mEvent, timelineSet);
+        const getContent = (() =>
+          editedEvent?.getContent()['m.new_content'] ?? mEvent.getContent()) as GetContentCallback;
+        const senderId = mEvent.getSender() ?? '';
+        const senderDisplayName =
+          getMemberDisplayName(room, senderId) ?? getMxIdLocalPart(senderId) ?? senderId;
+        return (
+          <RenderMessageContent
+            displayName={senderDisplayName}
+            msgType={mEvent.getContent().msgtype ?? ''}
+            ts={mEvent.getTs()}
+            edited={!!editedEvent}
+            onEditHistoryClick={editedEvent ? () => setEditHistoryEvent(mEvent) : undefined}
+            getContent={getContent}
+            mediaAutoLoad={mediaAutoLoad}
+            urlPreview={showUrlPreview}
+            htmlReactParserOptions={htmlReactParserOptions}
+            linkifyOpts={linkifyOpts}
+            outlineAttachment={messageLayout === MessageLayout.Bubble}
+            eventId={mEventId}
+          />
+        );
+      };
+
+      if (mEvent.getType() === MessageEvent.RoomMessageEncrypted) {
+        return <EncryptedContent mEvent={mEvent}>{renderByType}</EncryptedContent>;
+      }
+      return renderByType();
+    },
+    [room, mediaAutoLoad, showUrlPreview, htmlReactParserOptions, linkifyOpts, messageLayout],
+  );
+
+  const renderMessage = useCallback(
+    (
+      mEvent: MatrixEvent,
+      opts: { item?: number; collapse: boolean; highlight: boolean; editable: boolean },
+    ): ReactNode => {
+      const mEventId = mEvent.getId();
+      if (!mEventId) return null;
+      const timelineSet = thread.getUnfilteredTimelineSet();
+      const reactionRelations = getEventReactions(timelineSet, mEventId);
+      const reactions = reactionRelations?.getSortedAnnotationsByKey();
+      const hasReactions = !!reactions && reactions.length > 0;
+      const { replyEventId, threadRootId } = mEvent;
+
+      return (
+        <Message
+          key={mEventId}
+          data-message-item={opts.item}
+          data-message-id={mEventId}
+          room={room}
+          mEvent={mEvent}
+          messageSpacing={messageSpacing}
+          messageLayout={messageLayout}
+          collapse={opts.collapse}
+          highlight={opts.highlight}
+          edit={opts.editable && editId === mEventId}
+          canDelete={canRedact || (canDeleteOwn && mEvent.getSender() === mx.getUserId())}
+          canSendReaction={canSendReaction}
+          canPinEvent={canPinEvent}
+          imagePackRooms={imagePackRooms}
+          relations={hasReactions ? reactionRelations : undefined}
+          onUserClick={handleUserClick}
+          onUsernameClick={handleUsernameClick}
+          onReplyClick={handleReplyClick}
+          onReactionToggle={handleReactionToggle}
+          onEditId={opts.editable ? handleEdit : undefined}
+          reply={
+            replyEventId && (
+              <Reply
+                room={room}
+                timelineSet={timelineSet}
+                replyEventId={replyEventId}
+                threadRootId={threadRootId}
+                onClick={handleOpenReply}
+                getMemberPowerTag={getMemberPowerTag}
+                accessibleTagColors={accessiblePowerTagColors}
+                legacyUsernameColor={legacyUsernameColor || direct}
+              />
+            )
+          }
+          reactions={
+            reactionRelations && (
+              <Reactions
+                style={{ marginTop: config.space.S200 }}
+                room={room}
+                relations={reactionRelations}
+                mEventId={mEventId}
+                canSendReaction={canSendReaction}
+                onReactionToggle={handleReactionToggle}
+              />
+            )
+          }
+          hideReadReceipts={hideActivity}
+          showDeveloperTools={showDeveloperTools}
+          memberPowerTag={getMemberPowerTag(mEvent.getSender() ?? '')}
+          accessibleTagColors={accessiblePowerTagColors}
+          legacyUsernameColor={legacyUsernameColor || direct}
+          hour24Clock={hour24Clock}
+          dateFormatString={dateFormatString}
+          lotusTerminal={!!lotusTerminal}
+        >
+          {renderMessageContent(mEvent, mEventId, timelineSet)}
+        </Message>
+      );
+    },
+    [
+      thread,
+      room,
+      messageSpacing,
+      messageLayout,
+      editId,
+      canRedact,
+      canDeleteOwn,
+      canSendReaction,
+      canPinEvent,
+      imagePackRooms,
+      handleUserClick,
+      handleUsernameClick,
+      handleReplyClick,
+      handleReactionToggle,
+      handleEdit,
+      handleOpenReply,
+      getMemberPowerTag,
+      accessiblePowerTagColors,
+      legacyUsernameColor,
+      direct,
+      hideActivity,
+      showDeveloperTools,
+      hour24Clock,
+      dateFormatString,
+      lotusTerminal,
+      mx,
+      renderMessageContent,
+    ],
+  );
+
+  let prevEvent: MatrixEvent | undefined;
+  let isPrevRendered = false;
+  let dayDivider = false;
+  const eventRenderer = (item: number) => {
+    const [eventTimeline, baseIndex] = getTimelineAndBaseIndex(timeline.linkedTimelines, item);
+    if (!eventTimeline) return null;
+    const mEvent = getTimelineEvent(eventTimeline, getTimelineRelativeIndex(item, baseIndex));
+    const mEventId = mEvent?.getId();
+    if (!mEvent || !mEventId) return null;
+
+    // Skip annotations, edits, and any state/membership events (they can't be threaded).
+    if (reactionOrEditEvent(mEvent) || typeof mEvent.getStateKey() === 'string') {
+      prevEvent = mEvent;
+      return null;
+    }
+    const eventSender = mEvent.getSender();
+    if (eventSender && ignoredUsersSet.has(eventSender)) {
+      prevEvent = mEvent;
+      return null;
+    }
+
+    const isRoot = mEventId === thread.id;
+
+    if (!dayDivider) {
+      dayDivider = prevEvent ? !inSameDay(prevEvent.getTs(), mEvent.getTs()) : false;
+    }
+
+    const collapsed =
+      !isRoot &&
+      !perMessageProfiles &&
+      isPrevRendered &&
+      !dayDivider &&
+      prevEvent !== undefined &&
+      prevEvent.getId() !== thread.id &&
+      prevEvent.getSender() === eventSender &&
+      prevEvent.getType() === mEvent.getType() &&
+      minuteDifference(prevEvent.getTs(), mEvent.getTs()) < 5;
+
+    const eventJSX = renderMessage(mEvent, {
+      item,
+      collapse: collapsed,
+      highlight: false,
+      editable: true,
+    });
+
+    const dayDividerJSX =
+      dayDivider && eventJSX && !isRoot ? (
+        <MessageBase space={messageSpacing}>
+          <Box gap="100" justifyContent="Center" alignItems="Center">
+            <Line style={{ flexGrow: 1 }} variant="Surface" size="300" />
+            <Badge as="span" size="500" variant="Secondary" fill="None" radii="300">
+              <Text size="L400">
+                {(() => {
+                  if (today(mEvent.getTs())) return 'Today';
+                  if (yesterday(mEvent.getTs())) return 'Yesterday';
+                  return timeDayMonthYear(mEvent.getTs());
+                })()}
+              </Text>
+            </Badge>
+            <Line style={{ flexGrow: 1 }} variant="Surface" size="300" />
+          </Box>
+        </MessageBase>
+      ) : null;
+
+    prevEvent = mEvent;
+    isPrevRendered = !!eventJSX;
+    if (dayDividerJSX) dayDivider = false;
+
+    // Root gets an emphasized container + a "N replies" divider under it.
+    if (isRoot && eventJSX) {
+      const replyCount = thread.length;
+      return (
+        <React.Fragment key={mEventId}>
+          <div className={css.RootMessage}>{eventJSX}</div>
+          {replyCount > 0 && (
+            <Box
+              className={css.RepliesDivider}
+              gap="100"
+              justifyContent="Center"
+              alignItems="Center"
+            >
+              <Line style={{ flexGrow: 1 }} variant="Surface" size="300" />
+              <Text size="L400" priority="300">
+                {replyCount === 1 ? '1 reply' : `${replyCount} replies`}
+              </Text>
+              <Line style={{ flexGrow: 1 }} variant="Surface" size="300" />
+            </Box>
+          )}
+        </React.Fragment>
+      );
+    }
+
+    if (eventJSX && dayDividerJSX) {
+      return (
+        <React.Fragment key={mEventId}>
+          {dayDividerJSX}
+          {eventJSX}
+        </React.Fragment>
+      );
+    }
+
+    return eventJSX;
+  };
+
+  const items = getItems();
+  const showEmptyReplies = ready && thread.length === 0;
+
+  const renderPendingEvent = (mEvent: MatrixEvent) => {
+    const failed =
+      mEvent.status === EventStatus.NOT_SENT || mEvent.status === EventStatus.CANCELLED;
+    return (
+      <div
+        key={mEvent.getId() ?? mEvent.getTxnId()}
+        className={classNames(failed ? css.PendingFailed : css.PendingMessage)}
+      >
+        {renderMessage(mEvent, { collapse: false, highlight: false, editable: false })}
+        {failed && (
+          <Box style={{ padding: `0 ${config.space.S400}` }}>
+            <Text size="T200" style={{ color: color.Critical.Main }}>
+              Failed to send
+            </Text>
+          </Box>
+        )}
+      </div>
+    );
+  };
+
+  if (!ready) {
+    return (
+      <Box
+        className={css.ThreadCentered}
+        grow="Yes"
+        direction="Column"
+        justifyContent="Center"
+        alignItems="Center"
+      >
+        <Spinner variant="Secondary" size="600" />
+      </Box>
+    );
+  }
+
+  return (
+    <Box className={css.ThreadTimeline} grow="Yes">
+      <Scroll ref={scrollRef} visibility="Hover">
+        <Box
+          className={css.ThreadTimelineContent}
+          direction="Column"
+          justifyContent="End"
+          role="log"
+          aria-label="Thread timeline"
+          aria-live="polite"
+        >
+          {(canPaginateBack || !rangeAtStart) && (
+            <>
+              <MessageBase>
+                <DefaultPlaceholder />
+              </MessageBase>
+              <MessageBase ref={observeBackAnchor}>
+                <DefaultPlaceholder />
+              </MessageBase>
+            </>
+          )}
+
+          {items.map(eventRenderer)}
+
+          {showEmptyReplies && (
+            <Box className={css.NoReplies} justifyContent="Center">
+              <Text size="T300" priority="300">
+                No replies yet — say something
+              </Text>
+            </Box>
+          )}
+
+          {pendingEvents.map(renderPendingEvent)}
+
+          <span ref={atBottomAnchorRef} />
+        </Box>
+      </Scroll>
+      {editHistoryEvent && (
+        <EditHistoryModal
+          room={room}
+          mEvent={editHistoryEvent}
+          onClose={() => setEditHistoryEvent(undefined)}
+        />
+      )}
+    </Box>
+  );
+}

src/app/features/room/thread/index.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+export * from './ThreadPanel';
+export * from './ThreadSummary';

src/app/features/room/thread/threadSummary.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+import { test } from 'node:test';
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
+import { EventStatus, MatrixEvent, RelationType } from 'matrix-js-sdk';
+import { getThreadSummary, isPendingThreadReply } from './threadSummary';
+
+// getThreadSummary reads either the live Thread (preferred) or the
+// server-aggregated `m.thread` bundle. We stub only the members it touches and
+// cast through `unknown` to MatrixEvent, mirroring the light mocking used in
+// the state tests.
+
+type ThreadStub = { length: number; lastReplyTs?: number };
+type BundleStub = { count: number; latestTs?: number };
+
+const makeRootEvent = (opts: { thread?: ThreadStub; bundle?: BundleStub }): MatrixEvent => {
+  const thread = opts.thread
+    ? {
+        length: opts.thread.length,
+        lastReply: () =>
+          opts.thread?.lastReplyTs === undefined
+            ? null
+            : ({ getTs: () => opts.thread?.lastReplyTs } as unknown as MatrixEvent),
+      }
+    : undefined;
+
+  return {
+    getThread: () => thread,
+    getServerAggregatedRelation: (relType: string) => {
+      if (relType !== RelationType.Thread || !opts.bundle) return undefined;
+      return {
+        count: opts.bundle.count,
+        latest_event:
+          opts.bundle.latestTs === undefined
+            ? undefined
+            : { origin_server_ts: opts.bundle.latestTs },
+      };
+    },
+  } as unknown as MatrixEvent;
+};
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// getThreadSummary
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+test('prefers the live thread: count from length, latestTs from lastReply', () => {
+  const rootEvent = makeRootEvent({
+    thread: { length: 3, lastReplyTs: 1700 },
+    bundle: { count: 99, latestTs: 1 },
+  });
+  assert.deepEqual(getThreadSummary(rootEvent), { count: 3, latestTs: 1700 });
+});
+
+test('live thread with no replies yields undefined latestTs', () => {
+  const rootEvent = makeRootEvent({ thread: { length: 0 } });
+  assert.deepEqual(getThreadSummary(rootEvent), { count: 0, latestTs: undefined });
+});
+
+test('falls back to the server bundle when no live thread', () => {
+  const rootEvent = makeRootEvent({ bundle: { count: 5, latestTs: 1234 } });
+  assert.deepEqual(getThreadSummary(rootEvent), { count: 5, latestTs: 1234 });
+});
+
+test('bundle without latest_event yields undefined latestTs', () => {
+  const rootEvent = makeRootEvent({ bundle: { count: 2 } });
+  assert.deepEqual(getThreadSummary(rootEvent), { count: 2, latestTs: undefined });
+});
+
+test('returns undefined when there is neither a thread nor a bundle', () => {
+  const rootEvent = makeRootEvent({});
+  assert.equal(getThreadSummary(rootEvent), undefined);
+});
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// isPendingThreadReply
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+const ROOT = '$root:server';
+
+const makeReply = (opts: {
+  status: EventStatus | null;
+  threadRootId?: string;
+  relation?: { rel_type?: string; event_id?: string } | null;
+}): MatrixEvent =>
+  ({
+    status: opts.status,
+    threadRootId: opts.threadRootId,
+    getRelation: () => opts.relation ?? null,
+  }) as unknown as MatrixEvent;
+
+test('SENDING with matching threadRootId is pending', () => {
+  const event = makeReply({ status: EventStatus.SENDING, threadRootId: ROOT });
+  assert.equal(isPendingThreadReply(event, ROOT), true);
+});
+
+test('NOT_SENT with matching threadRootId is pending', () => {
+  const event = makeReply({ status: EventStatus.NOT_SENT, threadRootId: ROOT });
+  assert.equal(isPendingThreadReply(event, ROOT), true);
+});
+
+test('SENDING resolved via the m.thread relation content is pending', () => {
+  const event = makeReply({
+    status: EventStatus.SENDING,
+    relation: { rel_type: RelationType.Thread, event_id: ROOT },
+  });
+  assert.equal(isPendingThreadReply(event, ROOT), true);
+});
+
+test('SENT (confirmed) event is not pending', () => {
+  const event = makeReply({ status: EventStatus.SENT, threadRootId: ROOT });
+  assert.equal(isPendingThreadReply(event, ROOT), false);
+});
+
+test('null status is not pending', () => {
+  const event = makeReply({ status: null, threadRootId: ROOT });
+  assert.equal(isPendingThreadReply(event, ROOT), false);
+});
+
+test('SENDING but for a different thread is not pending', () => {
+  const event = makeReply({ status: EventStatus.SENDING, threadRootId: '$other:server' });
+  assert.equal(isPendingThreadReply(event, ROOT), false);
+});
+
+test('SENDING with a non-thread relation is not pending', () => {
+  const event = makeReply({
+    status: EventStatus.SENDING,
+    relation: { rel_type: RelationType.Reference, event_id: ROOT },
+  });
+  assert.equal(isPendingThreadReply(event, ROOT), false);
+});
+
+test('SENDING with no relation and no threadRootId is not pending', () => {
+  const event = makeReply({ status: EventStatus.SENDING });
+  assert.equal(isPendingThreadReply(event, ROOT), false);
+});

src/app/features/room/thread/threadSummary.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+import { EventStatus, IThreadBundledRelationship, MatrixEvent, RelationType } from 'matrix-js-sdk';
+
+export type ThreadSummaryData = {
+  count: number;
+  latestTs: number | undefined;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Summary data for a thread root's "N replies" chip.
+ *
+ * Prefers the live {@link Thread} object when it exists (it reflects local
+ * echo + pagination), otherwise falls back to the server-aggregated bundle
+ * (`unsigned['m.relations']['m.thread']`) so the chip renders before any
+ * Thread object has been created. Returns `undefined` when the root has no
+ * thread at all.
+ */
+export const getThreadSummary = (rootEvent: MatrixEvent): ThreadSummaryData | undefined => {
+  const thread = rootEvent.getThread();
+  if (thread) {
+    const lastReply = thread.lastReply();
+    return {
+      count: thread.length,
+      latestTs: lastReply?.getTs(),
+    };
+  }
+
+  const bundle = rootEvent.getServerAggregatedRelation<IThreadBundledRelationship>(
+    RelationType.Thread,
+  );
+  if (bundle) {
+    return {
+      count: bundle.count,
+      latestTs: bundle.latest_event?.origin_server_ts,
+    };
+  }
+
+  return undefined;
+};
+
+/**
+ * True when `event` is a still-in-flight (local echo) reply belonging to the
+ * given thread root. Used to render the pending strip, since pending thread
+ * sends never enter the thread's timelineSet.
+ */
+export const isPendingThreadReply = (event: MatrixEvent, threadRootId: string): boolean => {
+  const { status } = event;
+  if (status !== EventStatus.SENDING && status !== EventStatus.NOT_SENT) return false;
+
+  // Prefer the SDK's resolved thread root id; fall back to the raw relation
+  // content for events the SDK hasn't associated with a thread yet.
+  if (event.threadRootId === threadRootId) return true;
+
+  const relation = event.getRelation();
+  return relation?.rel_type === RelationType.Thread && relation.event_id === threadRootId;
+};

src/app/features/room/thread/useThread.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,177 @@
+import { useCallback, useEffect, useState } from 'react';
+import {
+  EventStatus,
+  EventTimeline,
+  MatrixClient,
+  MatrixEvent,
+  ReceiptType,
+  Room,
+  RoomEvent,
+  RoomEventHandlerMap,
+  Thread,
+  ThreadEvent,
+} from 'matrix-js-sdk';
+import { getLinkedTimelines } from '../RoomTimeline';
+import { isPendingThreadReply } from './threadSummary';
+
+/**
+ * Resolve (or bootstrap) the live {@link Thread} for a root event.
+ *
+ * Uses the existing thread when present, otherwise creates one via
+ * `room.createThread` — the SDK then auto-fetches the thread's events via
+ * `/relations` and inserts the root at the top. If the root event isn't loaded
+ * locally the Thread handles the root fetch itself, so passing `undefined` is
+ * safe. Re-resolves when a matching thread later appears/updates on the room.
+ */
+export const useThreadInstance = (room: Room, threadRootId: string): Thread | undefined => {
+  const getInstance = useCallback((): Thread | undefined => {
+    const existing = room.getThread(threadRootId);
+    if (existing) return existing;
+    const rootEvent = room.findEventById(threadRootId);
+    return room.createThread(threadRootId, rootEvent, [], false) ?? undefined;
+  }, [room, threadRootId]);
+
+  const [thread, setThread] = useState<Thread | undefined>(getInstance);
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    setThread(getInstance());
+
+    const handleThread: RoomEventHandlerMap[ThreadEvent.New] = (newThread) => {
+      if (newThread.id === threadRootId) setThread(newThread);
+    };
+    const handleThreadUpdate: RoomEventHandlerMap[ThreadEvent.Update] = (updatedThread) => {
+      if (updatedThread.id === threadRootId) setThread(updatedThread);
+    };
+
+    room.on(ThreadEvent.New, handleThread);
+    room.on(ThreadEvent.Update, handleThreadUpdate);
+    return () => {
+      room.removeListener(ThreadEvent.New, handleThread);
+      room.removeListener(ThreadEvent.Update, handleThreadUpdate);
+    };
+  }, [room, threadRootId, getInstance]);
+
+  return thread;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Build the ordered list of linked {@link EventTimeline}s for a thread's live
+ * timeline and track readiness (`thread.initialEventsFetched`). Subscribes to
+ * the Thread's re-emitted timeline events so callers repaginate/re-render as
+ * the thread fills in.
+ */
+export const useThreadLinkedTimelines = (
+  mx: MatrixClient,
+  thread: Thread,
+): { timelines: EventTimeline[]; ready: boolean; refresh: () => void } => {
+  const [timelines, setTimelines] = useState<EventTimeline[]>(() =>
+    getLinkedTimelines(thread.liveTimeline),
+  );
+  const [ready, setReady] = useState<boolean>(() => thread.initialEventsFetched);
+
+  const refresh = useCallback(() => {
+    setTimelines(getLinkedTimelines(thread.liveTimeline));
+    setReady(thread.initialEventsFetched);
+  }, [thread]);
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    refresh();
+
+    const handleTimeline = () => refresh();
+    // Thread re-emits RoomEvent.Timeline / RoomEvent.TimelineReset from its
+    // timelineSet, and fires ThreadEvent.Update as it (re)populates.
+    thread.on(RoomEvent.Timeline, handleTimeline);
+    thread.on(RoomEvent.TimelineReset, handleTimeline);
+    thread.on(ThreadEvent.Update, handleTimeline);
+    return () => {
+      thread.removeListener(RoomEvent.Timeline, handleTimeline);
+      thread.removeListener(RoomEvent.TimelineReset, handleTimeline);
+      thread.removeListener(ThreadEvent.Update, handleTimeline);
+    };
+  }, [thread, refresh]);
+
+  return { timelines, ready, refresh };
+};
+
+/**
+ * Track in-flight (local echo) replies for a thread.
+ *
+ * Pending thread sends never enter the thread's timelineSet (chronological
+ * pending ordering rejects them; `room.getPendingEvents()` THROWS in this
+ * mode). We instead watch `RoomEvent.LocalEchoUpdated` on the room and keep our
+ * own list of events that are pending replies to this thread and not yet in the
+ * thread timeline. When an event's remote echo arrives (status flips to SENT,
+ * or it lands in the thread) it drops out of the list.
+ */
+export const useThreadPendingEvents = (
+  room: Room,
+  threadRootId: string,
+  thread: Thread | undefined,
+): MatrixEvent[] => {
+  const [pending, setPending] = useState<MatrixEvent[]>([]);
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    setPending([]);
+
+    const handleLocalEcho: RoomEventHandlerMap[RoomEvent.LocalEchoUpdated] = (event) => {
+      const eventId = event.getId();
+      setPending((prev) => {
+        // Drop any previous entry for this event (same instance across the
+        // temp-id -> real-id transition, or matched by id).
+        const without = prev.filter((e) => e !== event && e.getId() !== eventId);
+
+        const alreadyInThread =
+          eventId !== undefined && thread?.findEventById(eventId) !== undefined;
+        // Keep a tracked event through the SENT window too: the /send response
+        // flips status to SENT before /sync delivers the event into the thread
+        // timeline — dropping it there would make the message flash out of view.
+        // It falls out on the next LocalEchoUpdated once findEventById sees it.
+        const trackedAndAwaitingSync =
+          event.status === EventStatus.SENT &&
+          prev.some((e) => e === event || (eventId !== undefined && e.getId() === eventId));
+        const stillPending =
+          !alreadyInThread && (isPendingThreadReply(event, threadRootId) || trackedAndAwaitingSync);
+
+        if (stillPending) return [...without, event];
+        return without.length === prev.length ? prev : without;
+      });
+    };
+
+    room.on(RoomEvent.LocalEchoUpdated, handleLocalEcho);
+    return () => {
+      room.removeListener(RoomEvent.LocalEchoUpdated, handleLocalEcho);
+    };
+  }, [room, threadRootId, thread]);
+
+  return pending;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Send a threaded read receipt up to the latest confirmed event in the thread.
+ *
+ * The receipt is threaded by default (scoped to this thread), which clears the
+ * per-thread unread count. Mirrors the latest-valid-event scan in
+ * `utils/notifications.ts`.
+ */
+export const markThreadAsRead = async (
+  mx: MatrixClient,
+  thread: Thread,
+  privateReceipt: boolean,
+): Promise<void> => {
+  const events = thread.liveTimeline.getEvents();
+
+  let latestEvent: MatrixEvent | undefined;
+  for (let i = events.length - 1; i >= 0; i -= 1) {
+    const evt = events[i];
+    if (evt && !evt.isSending()) {
+      latestEvent = evt;
+      break;
+    }
+  }
+  if (!latestEvent) return;
+
+  await mx.sendReadReceipt(
+    latestEvent,
+    privateReceipt ? ReceiptType.ReadPrivate : ReceiptType.Read,
+  );
+};

src/app/hooks/useThreadSummary.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+import { useEffect, useState } from 'react';
+import {
+  MatrixEvent,
+  NotificationCountType,
+  Room,
+  RoomEvent,
+  RoomEventHandlerMap,
+  ThreadEvent,
+} from 'matrix-js-sdk';
+import { getThreadSummary, ThreadSummaryData } from '../features/room/thread/threadSummary';
+
+/**
+ * Reactive thread summary + unread count for a root event's "N replies" chip.
+ *
+ * Re-computes the summary on `ThreadEvent.Update` (the SDK re-emits this on the
+ * root MatrixEvent) and the unread count on `RoomEvent.UnreadNotifications`.
+ */
+export const useThreadSummary = (
+  rootEvent: MatrixEvent,
+  room: Room,
+): { summary: ThreadSummaryData | undefined; unread: number } => {
+  const threadId = rootEvent.getId();
+
+  const [summary, setSummary] = useState<ThreadSummaryData | undefined>(() =>
+    getThreadSummary(rootEvent),
+  );
+  const [unread, setUnread] = useState<number>(() =>
+    threadId
+      ? (room.getThreadUnreadNotificationCount(threadId, NotificationCountType.Total) ?? 0)
+      : 0,
+  );
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    const refreshSummary = () => setSummary(getThreadSummary(rootEvent));
+    const refreshUnread = () => {
+      if (!threadId) return;
+      setUnread(room.getThreadUnreadNotificationCount(threadId, NotificationCountType.Total) ?? 0);
+    };
+
+    refreshSummary();
+    refreshUnread();
+
+    const handleUnread: RoomEventHandlerMap[RoomEvent.UnreadNotifications] = (_counts, tId) => {
+      if (tId && tId !== threadId) return;
+      refreshUnread();
+    };
+
+    rootEvent.on(ThreadEvent.Update, refreshSummary);
+    room.on(RoomEvent.UnreadNotifications, handleUnread);
+    return () => {
+      rootEvent.removeListener(ThreadEvent.Update, refreshSummary);
+      room.removeListener(RoomEvent.UnreadNotifications, handleUnread);
+    };
+  }, [rootEvent, room, threadId]);
+
+  return { summary, unread };
+};

src/app/state/room/thread.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+import { test } from 'node:test';
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
+import { createStore } from 'jotai';
+import { getThreadDraftKey, roomIdToActiveThreadIdAtomFamily } from './thread';
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// getThreadDraftKey
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+test('getThreadDraftKey joins roomId and threadRootId with "::"', () => {
+  assert.equal(getThreadDraftKey('!room:server', '$root'), '!room:server::$root');
+});
+
+test('getThreadDraftKey keeps the two ids distinguishable', () => {
+  assert.notEqual(getThreadDraftKey('!a:server', '$b'), getThreadDraftKey('!a:server', '$c'));
+});
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// roomIdToActiveThreadIdAtomFamily
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+test('returns the same atom instance for the same roomId', () => {
+  const a = roomIdToActiveThreadIdAtomFamily('!room:server');
+  const b = roomIdToActiveThreadIdAtomFamily('!room:server');
+  assert.equal(a, b);
+});
+
+test('returns different atoms for different roomIds', () => {
+  const a = roomIdToActiveThreadIdAtomFamily('!a:server');
+  const b = roomIdToActiveThreadIdAtomFamily('!b:server');
+  assert.notEqual(a, b);
+});
+
+test('the active-thread atom defaults to null and is writable', () => {
+  const store = createStore();
+  const activeThreadIdAtom = roomIdToActiveThreadIdAtomFamily('!store:server');
+
+  assert.equal(store.get(activeThreadIdAtom), null);
+  store.set(activeThreadIdAtom, '$root');
+  assert.equal(store.get(activeThreadIdAtom), '$root');
+  store.set(activeThreadIdAtom, null);
+  assert.equal(store.get(activeThreadIdAtom), null);
+});

src/app/state/room/thread.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+import { atom, PrimitiveAtom } from 'jotai';
+import { atomFamily } from 'jotai/utils';
+
+const createActiveThreadIdAtom = () => atom<string | null>(null);
+export type TActiveThreadIdAtom = PrimitiveAtom<string | null>;
+
+/**
+ * Per-room "which thread is open in the panel" state. Mirrors
+ * `roomIdToReplyDraftAtomFamily` in `roomInputDrafts.ts` — the same atom
+ * instance is returned for the same roomId, so a room's panel state survives
+ * remounts.
+ */
+export const roomIdToActiveThreadIdAtomFamily = atomFamily<string, TActiveThreadIdAtom>(() =>
+  createActiveThreadIdAtom(),
+);
+
+/**
+ * Key used to scope a thread's composer drafts (message/reply/upload) away from
+ * the main room composer, e.g. `"!room:server::$rootEventId"`.
+ */
+export const getThreadDraftKey = (roomId: string, threadRootId: string): string =>
+  `${roomId}::${threadRootId}`;

src/app/utils/notifications.ts

@@ -21,8 +21,13 @@ export async function markAsRead(mx: MatrixClient, roomId: string, privateReceip
   const latestEvent = getLatestValidEvent();
   if (latestEvent === null) return;
 
+  // Unthreaded receipt: with client threadSupport enabled the SDK would
+  // otherwise scope this to the main timeline (thread_id: "main"), leaving
+  // per-thread notification counts permanently unread. Unthreaded preserves
+  // the pre-threads wire behavior — one receipt clears everything.
   await mx.sendReadReceipt(
     latestEvent,
     privateReceipt || privateReadReceipts ? ReceiptType.ReadPrivate : ReceiptType.Read,
+    true,
   );
 }

src/client/initMatrix.ts

@@ -64,6 +64,11 @@ export const initClient = async (session: Session): Promise<MatrixClient> => {
 export const startClient = async (mx: MatrixClient) => {
   await mx.startClient({
     lazyLoadMembers: true,
+    // P3-8: partition m.thread relations into Thread objects/timelines. Thread
+    // replies leave the main timeline (roots stay + get a summary chip); the
+    // thread panel renders them. markAsRead sends UNTHREADED receipts
+    // (utils/notifications.ts) so room badges keep clearing.
+    threadSupport: true,
   });
 };